6.1.22
In February 2022, President Biden reignited the Cancer Moonshot, a commitment initially made in 2016. 让人想起肯尼迪1961年的太空计划,该计划仅在八年后就将人类送上了月球, 癌症登月计划的目标是在未来25年内将癌症死亡率降低50%,并改善癌症患者及其家人的生活体验,从而终结我们所知的癌症.
拜登的讲话概述了bet8网站备用可以协同减少癌症影响的八个重点领域. In contrast to the original Cancer Moonshot (with $1.8 billion of funding from 2017 to 2023), the renewed initiative is ambitious, unless incremental federal funding is made available. Still, “登月计划”呼吁全国各地的医疗bet8娱乐提供者采取行动,继续朝着更快发现癌症的方向迈进, providing better support to patients and caregivers, and closing the gaps in healthcare equity and disparate outcomes, 由于COVID - 19大流行而成为我们国家关注的焦点.
To Diagnose Cancer Sooner
Early detection saves lives, and with 9.5 million screenings missed since the start of the COVID‑19 pandemic, cancer screening programs are more important than ever. Coordination between cancer programs and upstream referring providers, particularly primary care providers, 是否对确定符合条件的人群和确保坚持常规筛查以便及早开始治疗至关重要.
Additionally, NCI下属的联邦机构已被指派研究多种癌症早期检测测试(MCEDs)的效果。. While the effectiveness of these tests is still being studied, 从一次抽血中筛查多种癌症类型的前景可能会大大提高总体筛查率.
To Prevent Cancer
关注患者教育和识别高危人群可以极大地改善患者的治疗效果. Recent research shows that more than 40% of cancer cases are based on modifiable risk factors and may be preventable. Engaging with local communities and individual patients about the benefits of healthy lifestyle choices (such as healthy nutrition and refraining from tobacco use) is key to lowering cancer rates; along these lines, the 美国食品和药物管理局最近宣布了一项提案,禁止薄荷醇作为香烟的特征香料.
Although in its infancy, 疫苗技术在阻止某些癌症方面已经证明了有效性. Specifically, since 2006, the HPV疫苗已被证明可将HPV引起的宫颈癌前病变百分比降低40%. Looking to the future, similar technologies could have far-reaching implications, 努力训练免疫系统在癌细胞形成之前识别并摧毁它们. Although the effectiveness of these vaccines is still being studied, the cancer vaccine market is currently valued at $5.29 billion and expected to grow to $9.36 billion by 2026.
Lastly, 对于有某种癌症遗传倾向或环境暴露的患者, high-risk clinics can facilitate screening, genetic testing, and, in some cases, preventive treatments and surgeries.
To Support Patients, Caregivers, and Survivors
Cancer treatment can cause intense distress for both patients and their caregivers. 一个强大的护理导航团队不仅可以帮助患者克服医疗挑战,还可以帮助减轻一些挑战, but also by helping to address barriers to treatment (e.g., financial limitations, cultural hesitancies, transportation) and providing connections to local resources. 这些bet8娱乐在文化上与患者越匹配,效果就越好. Additionally, 生存项目帮助患者顺利地从治疗过渡到适应治疗后的生活.
To Address Inequities
最近的研究表明,不同种族在癌症检测和临床结果上存在差异, ethnic, geographic, and socioeconomic lines. 解决这些差异是一项复杂的任务,应该融入医疗保健组织和联邦机构的结构中.
美国卫生与公众bet8娱乐部(HHS)和食品和药物管理局(FDA)最近都宣布了他们正在采取的具体步骤,以解决与多样性和公平有关的问题. In May, HHS announced 为社区卫生中心提供500万美元的资金,以改善癌症筛查的机会这表明政府致力于解决癌症检测方面的差异. The FDA’s announcement in April highlights the agency’s commitment to making issues of diversity and equity a focus area going forward. 就种族健康平等和健康的社会决定因素问题进行积极主动的教育,是朝着解决差距迈出的重要一步. Areas of attention for the FDA include:
- Evaluating access to services.
- 在各个领域与社区合作伙伴合作(包括消除食物沙漠等倡议).
- Addressing bias in policies and procedures.
- 确保卫生教育材料在文化和语言上是适当的.
- Critically evaluating implicit bias within the organization.
To Target the Right Treatment for the Right Patients
治疗方案的进步可以大大改善患者及其家属的预后. Specifically, personalized medicine is a major area of opportunity with 73% of the oncology drugs under development in 2019 considered “personalized.” As health systems continue to offer more services in genetic counseling, precision medicine, immunotherapy, and cell therapy, 社区将体验到癌症治疗效果的显著改善.
为了继续推进个性化医疗的成就,国防部(DoD)正在 扩大其应用蛋白质基因组学组织学习和成果(APOLLO)网络, 专注于研究基因标记如何帮助将药物与个体肿瘤相匹配, from 13 DoD and Veterans Affairs hospitals to all Defense Health Agency hospitals.
加快防治包括儿童癌症在内的最致命和罕见癌症的进展
提供一个简化的临床试验注册流程可以帮助患者获得挽救生命的治疗. 尽管更大的癌症中心往往会吸引患有罕见疾病的患者,但它们在帮助患者识别和参加试验方面承担着更大的责任, 较小的社区癌症项目也可以通过参与临床试验网络来改变患者.
To Learn from All Patients
Patient and advisory councils bring researchers, patients, and families together to share information, experiences, and recommendations for improvement across the care continuum. 这个过程作为一个反馈循环,使提供者能够了解程序的哪些部分运行良好,哪些部分可能需要改进, while building a sense of solidarity, community, and resilience in the face of a devastating illness.
Looking Ahead
In the wake of the COVID‑19 pandemic, access to cancer screening services and the provision of high-quality, personalized cancer care have never been more important. ECG认识到癌症项目在努力为他们所bet8娱乐的不同社区带来高质量的癌症护理时所面临的无数复杂性. 我们赞赏癌症登月计划的目标和倡议,并期待帮助组织满足患者不断变化的需求.
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